Current Issue : July-September Volume : 2011 Issue Number : 3 Articles : 3 Articles
Obesity is nowadays a common and challenging health problem. Its prevalence is on the rise in all age groups in developed countries of throughout world. The exact aetiology of obesity still remains obscure. It is mainly caused by a combination of genetic factors, inappropriate eating and reduced activity. The development and progression of obesity is mainly resides on dysregulation of various hypothalamic mechanisms which controls energy intake and expenditure. Steady advances have been made in understanding the weight regulating mechanisms, which has defined novel targets to reduce intake and increase the expenditure of energy. Based on this, many new antiobesity drugs have been developed. Some of them are in the early stages of development and few of the compounds acting on these sites are already available. Hence, the present review explores on different central and peripheral target strategies of weight reduction employing pharmacological and non pharmacological ways in the treatment and management of obesity....
Swine flu has been confirmed in a number of countries and it is spreading from pig to human and human to human, human to human transmission occur by inhalation of infectious droplets and droplet nuclei, and by direct contact, which is facilitated by air and during travel and social contacts. The most frequently reported symptoms are cough, fever and sore throat; diarrhea is reported in 25% of patent, and a further 25% report vomiting. Joint pains and myalgia may also be present. Detailed contact and travel histories and knowledge of viral activity in community are essential for prompt case detection by the health personnel. Infection can be prevented by vaccination and H1N1 swine flu strain can be treated by using drugs like Tamiflu (Oseltamivir) and Ralenza (Zanamivir). Swine flu virus is never before super flu virus but whenever three known virus such as a swine flu strain, bird flu strain and human flu virus combine with each other than makes H1N1 swine flu virus which is not danger if we take some protection against it such as a wear three layer mask on nose, wash the hands after coming home, not involve at place where big crowd attended....
Most commonly inherited bleeding disorder, first described in Aland Islands by Erik von Willebrand. It occurs as a result of decrease in plasma levels or defect in von Willebrand factor which is a large multimeric glycoprotein. Monomers of this glycoprotein undergo N-glycosylation to form dimers which get arranged to give multimers. Binding with plasma proteins (especially factor VIII) is the main function of VWF. The disease is of two forms: Inherited and acquired forms. Inherited forms are of three major types. They are type 1, type2, and type 3; in which type 2 is sub-divided into 2A, 2B, 2M, 2N. Type 1 is more prevalent than all other types. Mucocutaneous bleeding is mild in type 1 whereas it is mild to moderate in types 2A, 2B, and 2M. Type 2N has similar symptoms of haemophilia. The pathophysiology of each type depends on the qualitative or quantitative defects in VWF. The diagnosis is based on VWF antigen, VWF activity assay, FVIII coagulant activity and some other additional tests. Results should be analyzed within the context of blood group. VWF multimer analysis is essential for typing and subtyping the disease. The management of the disease involves replacement therapy, non-replacement therapy and other therapies that include antifibrinolytics and topical agents....
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